help button home button Endocrine Society JCEM
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a related Letter to the Editor
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by DelParigi, A.
Right arrow Articles by Tataranni, P. A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by DelParigi, A.
Right arrow Articles by Tataranni, P. A.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 87, No. 12 5461-5464
Copyright © 2002 by The Endocrine Society

Original Article

High Circulating Ghrelin: A Potential Cause for Hyperphagia and Obesity in Prader-Willi Syndrome

Angelo DelParigi, Matthias Tschöp, Mark L. Heiman, Arline D. Salbe, Barbora Vozarova, Susan M. Sell, Joy C. Bunt and P. Antonio Tataranni

Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section (A.D.P., A.D.S., B.V., J.C.B., P.A.T.), National Institutes of Health-National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona 85016; Endocrine Research and Statistics Department (M.T., M.L.H.), Eli Lilly \|[amp ]\| Co., Indianapolis, Indiana 46285; and Department of Nutrition Sciences (S.M.S.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294

Address all correspondence to: Angelo DelParigi, M.D., National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, 4212 North 16th Street, Room 5-41A, Phoenix, Arizona 85016. E-mail: adelpari{at}mail.nih.gov.

Abstract

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder occurring in 1 of 10,000–16,000 live births and is characterized by excessive appetite with progressive massive obesity as well as short stature and mental retardation. Most patients have GH deficiency and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The causes of the hyperphagia and abnormal GH secretion are unknown. To determine whether ghrelin, a novel GH secretagogue with orexigenic properties, is elevated in PWS, we measured fasting plasma ghrelin concentration; body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry); and subjective ratings of hunger (visual analog scale) in seven subjects (6 males and 1 female; age, 26 ± 7 yr; body fat, 39 ± 11%, mean ± SD) with PWS (diagnosis confirmed by genetic test) and 30 healthy subjects (reference population, 15 males and 15 females; age, 32 ± 7 yr; body fat, 36 ± 11%) fasted overnight. All subjects were weight stable for at least 6 months before admission to the study. The mean plasma ghrelin concentration was higher in PWS than in the reference population (307 ± 164 vs. 109 ± 24 fmol/ml; P < 0.001), and this difference remained significant after adjustment for percentage body fat (P < 0.001). Plasma ghrelin was also higher (P = 0.0004) in PWS than in five healthy subjects fasted for 36 h. A positive correlation was found between plasma ghrelin and subjective ratings of hunger (r = 0.71; P = 0.008). Furthermore, in subjects with PWS, the concentration of the hormone was not different before and after ingestion of 2 ml and a satiating amount of the same liquid meal (ghrelin concentrations: 307 ± 164 vs. 306 ± 205 vs. 260 ± 134 fmol/ml, respectively; ANOVA for repeated measures, P = 0.56). This is the first evidence that ghrelin, a novel orexigenic hormone, is elevated in subjects with PWS. Our finding suggests that ghrelin may be responsible, at least in part, for the hyperphagia observed in PWS.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. P. Goldstone, A. J. Holland, B. P. Hauffa, A. C. Hokken-Koelega, M. Tauber, and on behalf of speakers contributors at the Second E
Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Management of Prader-Willi Syndrome
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2008; 93(11): 4183 - 4197.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur J EndocrinolHome page
K. De Waele, S. L Ishkanian, R. Bogarin, C. A Miranda, M. A Ghatei, S. R Bloom, D. Pacaud, and J.-P. Chanoine
Long-acting octreotide treatment causes a sustained decrease in ghrelin concentrations but does not affect weight, behaviour and appetite in subjects with Prader-Willi syndrome
Eur. J. Endocrinol., October 1, 2008; 159(4): 381 - 388.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
B. P. Hauffa, K. Haase, I. M. Range, N. Unger, K. Mann, and S. Petersenn
The Effect of Growth Hormone on the Response of Total and Acylated Ghrelin to a Standardized Oral Glucose Load and Insulin Resistance in Children with Prader-Willi Syndrome
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2007; 92(3): 834 - 840.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
W. H. Park, Y. J. Oh, G. Y. Kim, S. E. Kim, K.-H. Paik, S. J. Han, A. H. Kim, S. H. Chu, E. K. Kwon, S. W. Kim, et al.
Obestatin Is Not Elevated or Correlated with Insulin in Children with Prader-Willi Syndrome
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2007; 92(1): 229 - 234.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
D. Perez-Tilve, L. Gonzalez-Matias, M. Alvarez-Crespo, R. Leiras, S. Tovar, C. Dieguez, and F. Mallo
Exendin-4 Potently Decreases Ghrelin Levels in Fasting Rats
Diabetes, January 1, 2007; 56(1): 143 - 151.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
H. J. Choi, Y. M. Cho, M. K. Moon, H. H. Choi, H. D. Shin, H. C. Jang, S. Y. Kim, H. K. Lee, and K. S. Park
Polymorphisms in the Ghrelin Gene Are Associated with Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level and not with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Koreans
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2006; 91(11): 4657 - 4663.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eval Health ProfHome page
K. D. Reynolds and D. Spruijt-Metz
Translational research in childhood obesity prevention.
Eval Health Prof, June 1, 2006; 29(2): 219 - 245.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 GutHome page
P Kobelt, S Helmling, A Stengel, B Wlotzka, V Andresen, B F Klapp, B Wiedenmann, S Klussmann, and H Monnikes
Anti-ghrelin Spiegelmer NOX-B11 inhibits neurostimulatory and orexigenic effects of peripheral ghrelin in rats
Gut, June 1, 2006; 55(6): 788 - 792.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
K. H. Paik, Y. H. Choe, W. H. Park, Y. J. Oh, A. H. Kim, S. H. Chu, S. W. Kim, E. K. Kwon, S. J. Han, W. Y. Shon, et al.
Suppression of Acylated Ghrelin during Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Is Correlated with Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity in Children with Prader-Willi Syndrome
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2006; 91(5): 1876 - 1881.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. Bellone, R. Baldelli, G. Radetti, A. Rapa, D. Vivenza, A. Petri, S. Savastio, M. Zaffaroni, F. Broglio, E. Ghigo, et al.
Ghrelin Secretion in Preterm Neonates Progressively Increases and Is Refractory to the Inhibitory Effect of Food Intake
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2006; 91(5): 1929 - 1933.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mayo Clin. Proc.Home page
N. A. Tritos and E. G. Kokkotou
The Physiology and Potential Clinical Applications of Ghrelin, a Novel Peptide Hormone
Mayo Clin. Proc., May 1, 2006; 81(5): 653 - 660.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.Home page
W. Wei, X. Qi, J. Reed, J. Ceci, H.-Q. Wang, G. Wang, E. W. Englander, and G. H. Greeley Jr.
Effect of chronic hyperghrelinemia on ingestive action of ghrelin
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2006; 290(3): R803 - R808.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
Y. H. Choe, S. Y. Song, K.-H. Paik, Y. J. Oh, S.-H. Chu, S. H. Yeo, E. K. Kwon, E. M. Kim, M. Y. Rha, and D.-K. Jin
Increased Density of Ghrelin-Expressing Cells in the Gastric Fundus and Body in Prader-Willi Syndrome
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2005; 90(9): 5441 - 5445.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
C. Daousi, I. A. MacFarlane, P. J. English, J. P. H. Wilding, M. Patterson, T. M. Dovey, J. C. G. Halford, M. A. Ghatei, and J. H. Pinkney
Is There a Role for Ghrelin and Peptide-YY in the Pathogenesis of Obesity in Adults with Acquired Structural Hypothalamic Damage?
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2005; 90(9): 5025 - 5030.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur J EndocrinolHome page
A. P Silva, K. Bethmann, F. Raulf, and H. A Schmid
Regulation of ghrelin secretion by somatostatin analogs in rats
Eur. J. Endocrinol., June 1, 2005; 152(6): 887 - 894.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
Y. H. Choe, D.-K. Jin, S. E. Kim, S. Y. Song, K. H. Paik, H. Y. Park, Y. J. Oh, A. H. Kim, J. S. Kim, C. W. Kim, et al.
Hyperghrelinemia Does Not Accelerate Gastric Emptying in Prader-Willi Syndrome Patients
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2005; 90(6): 3367 - 3370.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. P. Goldstone, M. Patterson, N. Kalingag, M. A. Ghatei, A. E. Brynes, S. R. Bloom, A. B. Grossman, and M. Korbonits
Fasting and Postprandial Hyperghrelinemia in Prader-Willi Syndrome Is Partially Explained by Hypoinsulinemia, and Is Not Due to Peptide YY3-36 Deficiency or Seen in Hypothalamic Obesity Due to Craniopharyngioma
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2005; 90(5): 2681 - 2690.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. Kanumakala, R. Greaves, C. C. Pedreira, S. Donath, G. L. Warne, M. R. Zacharin, and M. Harris
Fasting Ghrelin Levels Are Not Elevated in Children with Hypothalamic Obesity
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2005; 90(5): 2691 - 2695.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
A. Geliebter, M. E. Gluck, and S. A. Hashim
Plasma Ghrelin Concentrations Are Lower in Binge-Eating Disorder
J. Nutr., May 1, 2005; 135(5): 1326 - 1330.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
M. Kojima and K. Kangawa
Ghrelin: Structure and Function
Physiol Rev, April 1, 2005; 85(2): 495 - 522.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
N A Shapira, M C Lessig, A G He, G A James, D J Driscoll, and Y Liu
Satiety dysfunction in Prader-Willi syndrome demonstrated by fMRI
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, February 1, 2005; 76(2): 260 - 262.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
M. Tang-Christensen, N. Vrang, S. Ortmann, M. Bidlingmaier, T. L. Horvath, and M. Tschop
Central Administration of Ghrelin and Agouti-Related Protein (83-132) Increases Food Intake and Decreases Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in Rats
Endocrinology, October 1, 2004; 145(10): 4645 - 4652.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. Helmling, C. Maasch, D. Eulberg, K. Buchner, W. Schroder, C. Lange, S. Vonhoff, B. Wlotzka, M. H. Tschop, S. Rosewicz, et al.
Inhibition of ghrelin action in vitro and in vivo by an RNA-Spiegelmer
PNAS, September 7, 2004; 101(36): 13174 - 13179.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. J. A. James, R. F. Drewett, and T. D. Cheetham
Low Cord Ghrelin Levels in Term Infants Are Associated with Slow Weight Gain Over the First 3 Months of Life
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2004; 89(8): 3847 - 3850.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
K. Paik, D. Jin, S. Song, J. Lee, S. Ko, S. Song, J. Kim, Y. Oh, S. Kim, S. Lee, et al.
Correlation between Fasting Plasma Ghrelin Levels and Age, Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI Percentiles, and 24-Hour Plasma Ghrelin Profiles in Prader-Willi Syndrome
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2004; 89(8): 3885 - 3889.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Clin. Nutr.Home page
C. de Graaf, W. A. Blom, P. A. Smeets, A. Stafleu, and H. F. Hendriks
Biomarkers of satiation and satiety
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 946 - 961.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr. Rev.Home page
A. J. van der Lely, M. Tschop, M. L. Heiman, and E. Ghigo
Biological, Physiological, Pathophysiological, and Pharmacological Aspects of Ghrelin
Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2004; 25(3): 426 - 457.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. D. Salbe, M. H. Tschop, A. DelParigi, C. A. Venti, and P. A. Tataranni
Negative Relationship between Fasting Plasma Ghrelin Concentrations and ad Libitum Food Intake
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2951 - 2956.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
K. L. Teff, S. S. Elliott, M. Tschop, T. J. Kieffer, D. Rader, M. Heiman, R. R. Townsend, N. L. Keim, D. D'Alessio, and P. J. Havel
Dietary Fructose Reduces Circulating Insulin and Leptin, Attenuates Postprandial Suppression of Ghrelin, and Increases Triglycerides in Women
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2963 - 2972.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
M. A. Cowley and K. L. Grove
Ghrelin--Satisfying a Hunger for the Mechanism
Endocrinology, June 1, 2004; 145(6): 2604 - 2606.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. P. Goldstone, E. L. Thomas, A. E. Brynes, G. Castroman, R. Edwards, M. A. Ghatei, G. Frost, A. J. Holland, A. B. Grossman, M. Korbonits, et al.
Elevated Fasting Plasma Ghrelin in Prader-Willi Syndrome Adults Is Not Solely Explained by Their Reduced Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1718 - 1726.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
H. S. Callahan, D. E. Cummings, M. S. Pepe, P. A. Breen, C. C. Matthys, and D. S. Weigle
Postprandial Suppression of Plasma Ghrelin Level Is Proportional to Ingested Caloric Load but Does Not Predict Intermeal Interval in Humans
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2004; 89(3): 1319 - 1324.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 FASEB J.Home page
A. INUI, A. ASAKAWA, C. Y. BOWERS, G. MANTOVANI, A. LAVIANO, M. M. MEGUID, and M. FUJIMIYA
Ghrelin, appetite, and gastric motility: the emerging role of the stomach as an endocrine organ
FASEB J, March 1, 2004; 18(3): 439 - 456.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. M. Haqq, D. D. Stadler, R. G. Rosenfeld, K. L. Pratt, D. S. Weigle, R. S. Frayo, S. H. LaFranchi, D. E. Cummings, and J. Q. Purnell
Circulating Ghrelin Levels Are Suppressed by Meals and Octreotide Therapy in Children with Prader-Willi Syndrome
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2003; 88(8): 3573 - 3576.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
K. Sturm, C. G. MacIntosh, B. A. Parker, J. Wishart, M. Horowitz, and I. M. Chapman
Appetite, Food Intake, and Plasma Concentrations of Cholecystokinin, Ghrelin, and Other Gastrointestinal Hormones in Undernourished Older Women and Well-Nourished Young and Older Women
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2003; 88(8): 3747 - 3755.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
J. C. Bunt, A. D. Salbe, M. H. Tschop, A. DelParigi, P. Daychild, and P. A. Tataranni
Cross-Sectional and Prospective Relationships of Fasting Plasma Ghrelin Concentrations with Anthropometric Measures in Pima Indian Children
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2003; 88(8): 3756 - 3761.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Endocrinology Endocrine Reviews J. Clin. End. & Metab.
Molecular Endocrinology Recent Prog. Horm. Res. All Endocrine Journals
Copyright © 2002 by The Endocrine Society