This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Albers, J. J. Articles by Dabelea, D. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Albers, J. J. Articles by Dabelea, D. M. Related Collections Pediatric Endocrinology Lipid Diabetes and Insulin

Prevalence and Determinants of Elevated Apolipoprotein B and Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Youths with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Department of Medicine (J.J.A.), S.M.M.), Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98109; Division of Diabetes Translation (G.I.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; Department of Biostatistical Sciences (B.M.S., J.S.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157; Pacific Health Research Institute (W.Y.F.), Honolulu, Hawaii 96813; Department of Epidemiology and Business (E.J.M.-D.), University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208; Department of Preventative Medicine (D.B.P.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (C.P.), Children’s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98105; Department of Endocrinology (L.D.), Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229; and Department of Preventative Medicine and Biometrics (D.M.D.), University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Santica M. Marcovina, Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington, 401 Queen Anne Avenue North, Seattle, Washington 98109. E-mail: smm{at}u.washington.edu.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of elevated apolipoprotein B (apoB) and dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in United States youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We conducted cross-sectional analyses of apoB concentrations, LDL density, and prevalence of elevated apoB levels and dense LDL from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study, a six-center U.S.-based study of youth with diabetes onset younger than 20 years of age (2657 with type 1 and 345 with type 2).

Results: Among youth with type 1 diabetes, 11% had elevated apoB (100 mg/dl, 1.95 mM/liter), 8% had dense LDL (relative flotation rate 0.237), and 12% had elevated LDL-cholesterol (130 mg/dl, 3.36 mM/liter). In contrast, among youth with type 2 diabetes, 36% had elevated apoB, 36% had dense LDL, but only 23% had elevated LDL-cholesterol. Dense LDL and apoB each increased with hemoglobin A1c in both types. Among type 1 diabetics in poor glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c 9.5%), 28% had elevated apoB, and 18% had dense LDL, whereas 72% of poorly controlled type 2 diabetics had elevated apoB and 62% had dense LDL.

Conclusions: In youth with type 1 diabetes, elevated apoB and dense LDL were not highly prevalent, whereas elevated apoB and dense LDL were common lipoprotein abnormalities in youth with type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of these risk factors substantially increased with poor glycemic control in both groups, stressing the importance of achieving and maintaining an optimal glucose control.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				N. A. West, R. F. Hamman, E. J. Mayer-Davis, R. B. D'Agostino Jr., S. M. Marcovina, A. D. Liese, P. S. Zeitler, S. R. Daniels, and D. Dabelea Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Youth With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: Differences and possible mechanisms Diabetes Care, January 1, 2009; 32(1): 175 - 180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]