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Submitted on February 5, 2004
Accepted on September 9, 2004
School of Allied Health, Box U-2101, 358 Mansfield Rd, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-2101; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Human Nutrition, Baltimore MD; Adult Clinical Research Center and Food and Nutritional Services, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven CT; Adult Clinical Research Center, Yale University, New Haven CT; Yale University School of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208020, Fitkin 1, New Haven CT
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Jane E Kerstetter, E-mail: Jane.Kerstetter{at}uconn.edu
Although high-protein diets induce hypercalciuria in humans, the source of the additional urinary calcium remains unclear. One hypothesis is that the high endogenous acid load of a high-protein diet is partially buffered by bone, leading to increased skeletal resorption and hypercalciuria. We used dual stable calcium isotopes to quantify the effect of a high-protein diet on calcium kinetics in women. The study consisted of 2 weeks of a lead-in, well-balanced diet followed by 10 days of an experimental diet containing either moderate (1.0 g/kg) or high (2.1 g/kg) protein. Thirteen healthy women received both levels of protein in random order. Intestinal calcium absorption increased during the high protein diet in comparison to the moderate (26.2 ± 1.9% vs. 18.5 ± 1.6%, P < 0.0001, mean ± SEM) as did urinary calcium (5.23 ± 0.37 vs. 3.57 ± 0.35 mmol/d, P < 0.0001, mean ± SEM). The high protein diet caused a significant reduction in the fraction of urinary calcium of bone origin and a nonsignificant trend toward a reduction in the rate of bone resorption. There were no protein induced effects on net bone balance. These data directly demonstrate that, at least in the short-term, high protein diets are not detrimental to bone.
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