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Submitted on August 11, 2004
Accepted on March 7, 2005
University Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Munich, and Children's Rheumatology Clinic, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Susanne.Bechtold{at}med.uni-muenchen.de.
Osteopenia and growth retardation have been described in children with chronic arthritis. Growth hormone (GH) has an impact on both. In the present controlled study, we used peripheral quantitative computed tomography to evaluate forearm bone mass, density and geometry as well as forearm muscle and fat area in 17 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) under treatment with GH for 3.8 ± 1.1 yr in comparison to an untreated age- and sex-matched control group (n = 17). All patients had a mean age of 15.3 ± 2.5 yr and a mean duration of illness of 8.2 ± 4.4 yr.
Height, weight, body mass index, bone parameters and muscle area were significantly decreased in both groups in relation to healthy age-matched children. Compared with untreated JIA patients, GH treated JIA patients had significant higher bone mineral content (BMC) as well as total cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical CSA and muscle CSA. Fat CSA was lower in the GH treated group. A significant difference between groups for height corrected cortical and muscle area was only seen in male patients. Cortical CSA relative to muscle CSA was not different between groups. These findings are compatible with an anabolic effect of GH on muscle and bone development.
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