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Submitted on June 20, 2005
Accepted on September 27, 2005
Department of Pediatrics, University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Neurosciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, USA; Vestische Children Hospital Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: croth{at}uni-bonn.de.
Context: The gut hormone peptide YY3-36 (PYY) reduces food intake via hypothalamic Y2 receptors in the brain. There is not much known about PYY in obese children.
Objective: To investigate the role of PYY in the metabolic changes of obese children and its change in weight loss.
Setting: University Medical Center.
Participants: 73 obese children and 45 age-matched normal weight children.
Interventions: We determined fasting serum total PYY and leptin by RIA in obese and normal weight children. Fasting PYY was also measured in 28 obese children before and after completion of a 1-year outpatient weight reduction program.
Main outcome measures: PYY, insulin, BMI.
Results: Obese children demonstrated significantly lower PYY levels vs. lean children (median 67pg/ml vs. 124pg/ml, P < 0.001). Fasting PYY correlated negatively to the degree of overweight. PYY levels did not differ significantly between boys and girls, nor between prepubertal and pubertal children. The group of patients participating in the outpatient weight reduction program was divided into four quartiles according to their changes in SDS-BMI over a 1-year period. PYY increased significantly in patients with the most effective weight loss, but decreased in the subgroup of children with weight gain.
Conclusions: PYY is negatively correlated to the degree of overweight with reduced values in obese compared with normal weight children. Decreased PYY levels could predispose subjects to develop obesity. Our results indicate low pretreatment PYY levels that increase during weight loss may be a predictor of maintained weight loss.
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